How to Use a Self Propelled Wheelchair
Wheelchairs allow mobility and independence to people with limited walking ability. It is essential to know how to use your wheelchair, and have an occupational therapist or doctor help you with this.
Many people move their wheelchairs using a technique called "wheelies". The person using the wheelchair must have large hands to be able extend the rims of the wheelchair, and also have the strength to push the wheelchair forward.
Seating Position
Self-propelled wheelchairs allow you to be able to move on your own and not depend on others. This is the key for many who want to regain their independence or retaining it. It also reduces the chance of injury to the wheelchair user and others who are around them.
It is crucial that the seat position is comfortable for the wheelchair user. To achieve this, there are several options you can take. First, the footplates need to be in the correct position. Release the footrest latch and move the footrests to make sure they are directly in front of the chair. Make sure that the wheelchair's feet are placed comfortably on the footplates.
It may be necessary to lower the height of the footrest, especially if the user is hemiplegic. If the footrests aren't high enough, they can cause increased pressure on the bones of the seat and cause discomfort and pain.
A strap for the forehead can help the wheelchair user stay straight, particularly if their neck muscles are weak. They can be fitted by a mobility expert and are compatible with wheelchairs that don't have headrests.
It is essential that if the wheelchair has armrests, they are in a good position so that the wheelchair user doesn't strike them with their arms when they move. It is recommended to use an armrest that is removable or swing-away armrests to accomplish this. Alternatively, foam inserts can be cut and put on the armrest's back to raise them up to a more comfortable position.
It is also important that the wheelchair has a comfortable cushion, particularly if a wheelchair user has a high risk of skin breakdown, or pressure ulcers. Pressure ulcers occur when the skin rubs against the surface of the wheelchair. In some instances the skin may become irritated and raw because of sitting in a single position for long periods of time. This may also cause blisters. To decrease the chance of pressure ulcers, the chair should be repositioned frequently.
Pushing
Self-propelled wheelchairs allow users to maneuver themselves and become independent from the need for a third party to push them. They are much more maneuverable than other wheelchairs since they have bigger rear wheels and pushing handles that are fitted to them. They can be used across many surfaces without worrying about tripping over obstacles or getting stuck.
Be cautious not to hold the chair handle too tightly when you move forward. Applying too much pressure can cause your hands to cramp and decrease the force you can apply. You could also consider using wheelchair gloves or handrim covers that have grip material on the palms. This will help improve your hand position and increase the force you can apply.
Keep the front casters clear of any debris, like rocks or sticks. This material can make it difficult to move your wheelchair as you think. It could cause an increase in control or injury. If you have a very high seat to floor height, it could be beneficial to purchase additional padding for the front casters.
When going up a curb or small step it is recommended that you enlist the help of a caregiver to push the wheelchair for assistance. If you are planning to do this independently, more training and practice is needed under the supervision of a health professional. When you do this, it is crucial that you place the wheelchair facing directly towards (perpendicular to) the curb or small step and place the front wheels close to the edge of the curb.
When you're pushing up a hill, it is essential to have a clear path ahead of you to ensure you don't cross paths with other people. You will gain speed quickly if you don't leave enough space in front of you. You could also end up colliding with someone else. To help you avoid this take care to be aware of those around you when you are on a slope and have a carer or friend prepared to help you in the event that you begin to fall from your wheelchair.
Braking
A self-propelled wheelchair requires the user to operate the braking and guiding actions in a particular way to ensure that the chair is safe to use. This is particularly important when the chair is situated on a slope as the center of gravity could be pushed forward if the braking is not done in a controlled way.
Always make sure your hand is in the correct position when you push the wheelchair. Ideally, you should place it at 10 clock (10:00) on the wheel. Release the hand near 2 o'clock (2:00). This will ensure that the majority (or weight) of the body is on the rear wheels, making it easier to push. It also helps keep the strength of the shoulder, elbow and wrist joints.
To turn right with a wheelchair to turn left, push forward on the right-hand rim and pull the left-hand rim back. This causes the wheelchair to turn right and allow you to remain in your wheelchair. explanation are also available with anti-tip bars to stop them from tipping backwards.
Refer to the user's manual that comes with your wheelchair for the highest level of safety your chair is able to traverse. In certain circumstances, the wheelchair might need to be temporarily dismounted and operated by hand to conquer steep slopes. In this instance it is recommended you ask a friend or family member for help and follow the steps in the User Guide.
When you are negotiating kerb stones, it is recommended to mount and dismount via ramps as often as you can. This will reduce the amount of pressure needed on the front and rear tyres, allowing you to traverse the kerb with greater speed. The kerb climber feature on many manual wheelchairs can assist with this process by increasing the climbing capability of the chair by around 10cm (4").
To stop a wheelchair, push the joystick to the side to release the motor, and then release it gently brakes. The wheelchair will then come to a stop and allow you to take off the footrests, set up walking aids and get out of the chair.
Steering
The user is accountable for steering and controlling the wheelchair. This can be accomplished in various ways, depending on the structure of the chair and any add-ons like armrests or phone and drink holders. Wheelchairs vary in design and size, as well as weight. The size of the front casters of a wheelchair can determine the terrain it can handle. Small casters allow a chair to move faster, but they struggle on rough surfaces like cobblestone or grass. Large casters allow wheelchairs to travel over these rough surfaces however, the chair won't be as swift.
On smooth surface that is level on level, smooth surfaces, the wheelchair user must push the wheels using both hands to maintain the momentum. This is accomplished by gripping the hand rims and pushing evenly with each hand. The hands shouldn't be wrapped around the hand rims as this could cause injury and can cause over-corrections (fish-tailing) when the chair turns a corner. It is recommended that wheelchair users play with various degrees of leaning forwards and backwards to find the best balance between control and lean.
The person using a wheelchair must anticipate obstacles and plan ahead for more difficult terrain. The wheelchair user must be aware of their shoulders and avoid running into objects or other people. If they travel with a caregiver, they should be prepared to assist when they need to. If the wheelchair is to be used on a slope, it should be driven or assisted by a caregiver until the user is familiar with this.
To turn the wheelchair, the user has to pull one hand rim inwards while pushing the other rim back. It is recommended to practice on a smooth, flat surface prior to moving onto other surface. The movement can be uncomfortable, and the wheelchair may fall over if not properly mastered. The power wheels of the wheelchair can ease the pressure on the user and also make turning easier. It is important to be aware that untrained strangers are often able to push a wheelchair user against their will. The wheelchair user should cover the handles or fold them down.